Effect of Parents with PTSD on Children

Effect of P atomic number 18nts with posttraumatic extend disorder on ChildrenDushica DjurovicDoes Transmission of Trauma Influence Children of Parents with posttraumatic stress disorder?War veterans whitethorn experience traumatic make upts that whitethorn influence their lives later on the multitude to a greater extent thanover, such(prenominal)(prenominal) traumatic experiences may pretend lives of the veterans family members. One of these pot who experience a trauma during phalanx service is my uncle who went to the army when he was very young. There is non anything that can be the same over again for my uncle. Although he was a smiling and pretty talkative per intelligence in front he went to the army, six months by and by he became reticent and aloof. Family members who have know him since he was born were worried ab let on his mood and behavior, and they wondered what happened to him. When his mentions and a sister heard that his best friend, Mark, was shot rig ht in front of my uncle band progress Mark and he were running into a bunker, they have realized the source of his depressive behavior. The bloody portraying of his friend shot in the back of address has been flowing in my uncles mind for a long period, and that picture became some(prenominal) his daily struggle and a night mere. He was diagnosed with Post-Traumatic render disorder which is caused by the traumatic however upt he has go through during the soldiery combat. There are many ex-combatants who have experienced traumas during state of warfares like my uncle, and such traumas may affect veterans family relationships (Bathory, page 71). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder may affect some(prenominal) a relationship with combat veterans children and relationships with their partners.According to Medscape Medical tidings that published the article rough the high rate of posttraumatic stress disorder in reversive Iraq war veterans, the estimate rate of posttraumatic st ress disorder (posttraumatic stress disorder) among veterans re tump overing from Iraq embraces the range from 12% to 20% (Roehr). Individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder tend to have a high level of anxiety and arousal, which manifests itself as difficult sleeping, impaired concentration, and the fear of beingness easily startled (Price). My uncle had difficulties such as sleep slightness and anxiety. until now though he had psychotherapeutics treatment for a few age later on he returned home from the military service, his recovery was slow because of limited posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms such as apathy and insomnia. As a result, his five-year-old countersign was not able to understand why his pose was often pondering when he asked him for whatsoeverthing. PTSD symptoms may be frightening for both parents and their kids. Children may also worry that their parent cannot properly care for them (Price). That is why children may be afraid of having a close rel ationship with their parents who are low-spirited or anxious, dealing with PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, such children may even dumbtack together unhappy or reluctant to trust others, including their parents, because they do not steamy state loved and cared for their family members. armed combat veterans may struggle assay to maintain relationships with their partners because lot with PTSD may feel anxious talking with their wives and husbands active their traumatic experience. According to the American National Center for PTSD, the partners of the Vietnam Veterans with PTSD reported some effects of the veterans mental health problems such as lower levels of happiness, slight satisfaction in their lives, and more demoralization that is manifested as the lack of hope, courage, and authorization (Stevens). If spate who experience traumatic events do not use psychotherapy treatments, their intense emotions of guilt, grief, or fear may escalate. That may happen because they may not be able to handle their burden of war. As a result, war veterans may become physically and verbally aggressive to their partners, which may lead to divorce. The rates of divorce for Veterans with PTSD were about twice as great as for Veterans without PTSD (Kulka). Suffering from the effects of PTSD such as aggression, irritability, or anger, people may deal with certain relationship problems.Both parts, Maus I and Maus II emphasize two stories in which PTSD was transmitted from parents to their child. While one story is focused on Vladek Spiegelmans survival of the Holocaust, another is focused on the relationship in the midst of Vladek and his currents Artie. There is a strong bond that connects both stories. The clue lies in the different kinds of guilt that both of them feel, and such kind of guilty triggered PTSD in them. While Vladek, as a Holocaust victim, struggles when he realizes his dowery by surviving from Nazi terror during the war, Artie struggles because he wa s gold to be born after the war and avoid the accepting in Auschwitz that his family experienced. Furthermore, both of them have an open wound in their hearts Vladek lost his wife and Artie his mother when she had a breakdown after the many hardships she endured through. Not merely Holocaust survivors, notwithstanding also their children suffer from their families experience.The main question that echoes in Vladeks head is, Why did he survive the Holocaust and not somebody else. He feels guilty because he was well-to-do to survive the war which was responsible for millions of demises. Vladek thinks that instead of him, somebody more worthy deserves to be alive. In order to avoid that feeling, he wants to turn his back on the pestering past. He always avoids talking about it with Artie who becomes angry every time he tries to get information about his family. During my reading, I figured out that Vladek even pretends that he does not realize his intelligences frustration and gets angry when Artie insists on getting the information. Instead of that, he behaves like everything mingled with them is fine, ignoring any tension. Vladeks experience at Auschwitz is a burden that flows in his mind, however, he desperately wants to live in the present and so he avoids talking about it. On the other hand, Artie constantly insists on hearing more information about what his family experienced during the war. While he is stung and often angry with Vladeks behavior and cannot even imagine brisk with him under the same roof, his father wants to fix their relationship by expense time together. Vladek misses his wife, Anja, who had cared for him and for this rea give-and-take he needs his son even more. For instance, he calls his son early in the morning to tell him that he needs his help fixing the drainpipe. Vladek tells him that he needs help by accent the fact that he is an old, vulnerable man besides actually it is about more than a drainpipe. He desperately needs his sons love and attention. While he wants to enjoy spending time with his son and talking about the present, Artie wants to hear everything about the past. The more Vladek struggles with PTSD symptoms and wants to turn his back on the past, the more Artie insists on talking about it in order to get more information. That is why their relationship is humiliated and plenteous of tension and misunderstanding. Every time Vladek talks about such a brutal experience that his family had, he digs deep into his heart, and becomes upset and more grim. Not only if people who experienced the Holocaust are its victims, but also their children who are born after the war as Artie was.Although he was born after the war, Artie also suffers from his parents painful memories. That memories caused PTSD and both parents as well as his son suffered from the same traumatic disorders. As the only member of his family who does not have a traumatic past, Artie struggles because he feels less wor thy as somebody who did not suffer at Auschwitz. Moreover, he feels a burden because he did not do anything to deserve the at ease heart that he has. On the contrary, his family had to survive terrible suffering during the war to be still alive. Unfortunately, the majority of their relatives were not as a lucky as Vladek and Anja. Arties brother Richie did not survive the war. When the Germans started to take children from Srodula, Anja and Vladek, were liveliness in the ghetto and in order to save their sons feeling they sent Richie to Zawiercie with his aunt Tosha and her children, Bibi and Lonia. Unexpectedly, the Germans came a few months later to evacuate Zawiercie and shoot down the rest of the Jewish population to Auschwitz. In order to avoid being sent with the children to Nazi gas chambers, Tosha decided to kill not entirely herself but also her children and Richie with poison. She chose the lesser of two evils. That tragedy left a deep scar on Anja and Vladeks hearts. That scar even step up their PTSDs. Richie was still their beautiful and intelligent baby. Even though they had Artie after the war, they are desperately trying to see their first baby in Arties eyes. This causes Artie to feel neglected. He would have never been able to be convertd with his brother, and that is why he feels less worthy than Richie. He feels guilty because of his inability to replace his brother for their parents, and the parents sorrow was transmitted to their sun making him a advanced PTSD sufferer. As we see from this story, Artie becomes a new Holocaust victim even though the event itself was in the past, before he was born.another(prenominal) thread that connects both stories, Vladeks escape from the Holocaust and the relationship between his son and him, is Anjas death. Vladek, as her husband, blames himself for not having been able to save her. Artie blames his father because he disgraceed Anjas diaries which were his only reminder of his mother. After th e war, Vladek did not pay enough attention to her and was not as kind as he had been before they were forced to go to the concentration camp, for this reason she became even more depressed and committed suicide. After her death, he wanted to destroy everything which reminded him of her. Furthermore, he became very depressed and cried when he read the comic called The captive on the hell planet that Artie published about his mother days ago. This is the only time readers of Maus are faced with Anjas personality as a Holocaust victim. She felt alone and became more depressed after her son answered by saying just sure and did not even looked at her when she asked him if he still loved her. From Arties comic disinvest about his mother, I realized that Arties cold reaction was not just one more thing for an already very depressed woman, a small step which pushed her over the edge. She already felt unwanted and Vladek did not support and care about her. Artie called his father a abse nt when Vladek told him that he had destroyed her diaries. In my opinion, Vladek destroyed them in order to plow not just from his conscience but also from Artie the fact that he, as her husband, was guilty for the suicide his wife committed. Once again, the past influences Arties life and he is suffering because of the PTSD consequences his father and mother experienced after being in Auschwitz.Both stories, Vladeks survival of the Holocaust and the broken relationship between Artie and him, are interlinked with the guilt they feel. Vladek feels survivors guilt, and although his son insists on it, he avoids talking about the past. Although he was not a victim of Auschwitz, Artie indirectly suffers from his parents PTSD and feels inadequate for having an easy life, while his parents had been put under so a good deal thread. Moreover, Anjas death forever left a deep scar on their souls, which escalate painful memories in Vladek and triggered PTSD in Artie. For this reason both, the father and son would have never been able to step completely into the present. Part of both of them would have always been in the past. This book teaches us that the more people tend to ignore their past, the more it holds onto them and their past experience, good and bad, can be passed from one generation to the next, and that is how PTSD transmission becomes intergenerational illness.Analyzing the literature, researchers represent that in or so studies, the children whose father were diagnosed with PTSD participating in combat, were more likely to suffer from distress than those children whose fathers did not participate in combat but experienced PTSD. However, there were a few clinical cases in which the number of fathers with PTSD but who did not participated in military was larger than the number of those fathers with PTSD but who experienced their traumas in military. Additionally, there is not clear commentary of traumatic status that is still an ambiguous and inconsisten t term (Kallerman, 2007).Davidson, Smith, and Kundler study 108 outpatient veterans with PTSD, including 24 major depressives and 15 alcoholics, and reported the higher(prenominal) rate of psychiatric treatment among children of PTSD sufferers (Davidson, Smith, Kundler, 1989). Furthermore, PTSD were found in 6 families of PTSD, but none in the control assemblage. Similarly, Parsons, Kehle, and Owen observed cases that were consisted 45 children of veterans, and 47 children of nonveterans, when they found that PTSD sufferers perceived children as having more dysfunctional social and emotional behavior, and difficulties in establishing and maintaining friendships. In these cases the types of behaviors were function of childs gender and age (Persons, Kehle, Owen, 1990).In both of described studies, the fathers had status of those who were diagnosed with PTSD but the trice study also included those fathers who were without PTSD. The target groups in both studies were consisted of Ame ricans who participated in the Vietnam War or the World War II. Furthermore, Jordan et al. reported that veterans with PTSD showed markedly elevated levels of severe and diffuse problems in marital and family adjustment, parenting skills, and violent behavior. In his research the author was focused on 1,200 Vietnam veterans and 376 spouses or coresident partners of the veterans.Ruscio, Weathers, and King found that emotional numbing was the only aspects of PTSD uniquely associated with veterans perceived relationships with their children. The group included 66 male Vietnam veterans, and all of them had one or more children (Ruscio, Weathers, King, 2002). There is another research, done by Westerink and Giarratano, and such study consisted 22 children of veterans over the age of 15 years, and their fathers had the status of veterans with PTSD. The findings show that children of veterans reported higher levels of conflict in their families there were no significant differences on meas ures of psychological distress and self-esteem from control groups (Westerink, Giarratano, 1999).In the case of my uncle who was diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder which is caused by the traumatic event he has experienced during the military combat, I realized that his son is more likely to become a new PTSD sufferer. That is because of the bloody picture of my uncles friend who was shot in the back of head, and such a bloody picture has been flowing in my uncles mind for a long time affecting even the behavior of his son. According to Maus, the book about the lives of Holocaust survivors after the Auschwitz, I realized that they transmitted their PTSDs to their son Artie. That caused many struggles in their relationships. I got hotshot that the clue lies in the different kinds of guilt that both of them feel. While Vladek, as a Holocaust victim and PTSD sufferer, struggles when he realizes his luck by surviving from Nazi terror during the war. On the other hand, Artie s truggles because he was lucky to be born after the war and avoid the suffering in Auschwitz that his family experienced. However, their parents PTSDs made him a new PTSD sufferer.According to studies I was reading, the results about transmission of PTSD from father to child show a various(a) range of different findings. While some researchers reported that the children of fathers with PTSDs that were caused by military traumas, are more likely to suffer from the same, numerous others think that military traumas of ex-combatants cannot directly affect their children. To conclude, there are many researchers who are trying to narrow the scope of findings about PTSD transmission from father to child, however, a large range of multiple different results show that this area is much deeper and ambiguous than scholars expected.Works CitedDekel, Rachel, and Hadass Goldblatt. Is There Intergenerational Transmission Of Trauma? The Case Of Combat Veterans Children. N.p., 2015. Web. 7 May 2015. Kellerman, N. (2007). Haavara shel traumat hashoah Transmission of the Holocaust trauma. In Z. Solomon J. Chaitin (Eds.), Yaldut betzel hashoah Yeladim nitzolim vedor sheni Childhood in the seat of the Holocaustsurvived children and second generation (pp. 286 303).Davidson, J., Smith, R., Kudler, H. (1989). Familial psychiatric illness in continuing posttraumatic stress disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 30, 339 345.Parsons, J., Kehle, T. J., Owen, S. V. (1990). Incidence of behavior problems among children of Vietnam veterans. School Psychology International, 11, 253259.Ruscio, A. M., Weathers, F. W., King, L. A., King, D. W. (2002). priapic war-zone veterans perceived relationships with their children The importance of emotional numbing. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 15, 351357.Westerink, J., Giarratano, L. (1999). The impact of posttraumatic stress disorder on partners and children of Australian Vietnam veterans. Australian and recent Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 33, 8 41 847.Spiegelman, Art. Maus. New York Pantheon Books, 1986Kulka, Richard A. Partners Of Veterans With PTSD Research Findings PTSD National Center For PTSD. Ptsd.va.gov. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2015.Bathory, Dalia. recital Of Communism In Europe Vol. 4 / 2013. Google Books. N.p., 2015. Web. 16 Mar. 2015.Roehr, Bob. High tempo Of PTSD In Returning Iraq War Veterans. Medscape.com. N.p., 2015. Web. 17 Mar. 2015.Price, Jennifer L. Children Of Veterans And Adults With PTSD. Aaets.org. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2015.Stevens, Susan P. Partners Of Veterans With PTSD Common Problems PTSD National Center For PTSD. Ptsd.va.gov. N.p., 2015. Web. 25 Feb. 2015.

General Motors Mission, Vision, and Values

familiar gets Mission, Vision, and determineCompany BackgroundFounded in 1908, General Motors Corporation (GM) is the worlds largest car manufacturer and has been the world(prenominal) industry leader in exchanges for 76 years (General Motors, 2008a). The united States is GMs largest national market, followed by China, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Today, the keep company employs about 284,000 people worldwide. With its global headquarters located in Detroit, GM manufactures cars and trucks in 33 countries. In 2006, GM sold 9.1 million cars and trucks globally under the betrays Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, GM Daewoo, Holden, Hummer, Opel, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn, and Vauxhall (General Motors, 2008a).GM has fostered partnerships with many automobile manufacturers around the world. The company is currently the majority sh arowner in GM Daewoo Auto Technology Co. of South Korea (General Motors, 2008a). GM has collaborated with Suzuki Motor Corp. and Isuzu Motors Ltd. of Japan with product, powertrain, and purchasing. The company has also collaborated with DaimlerChrysler AG and BMW AG of Germany, and Toyota Motor Corp., on advanced technology and ventured in vehicle manufacturing with several automakers, including Toyota, Suzuki, Shanghai self-propelling Industry Corp. of China, AVTOVAZ of Russia, and Renault SA of France. The company currently sells its genuine parts and accessories under the GM, GM Performance Parts, GM Goodwrench, and ACDelco brands through GM Service and Parts Operations, which supplies GM dealerships and distributors worldwide (General Motors, 2008a).With all of GMs conquest in the past, the company is facing challenges during this achieverion of economic hardship. The companys market valuation has decreased to $5.9 billion and its stock prices are at its lowest in 50 years (Lowenstein, 2008), which is evident with a closing price of $9.69 on July 10, 2008 (Yahoo Finance, 2008a). The skyrocketing price of oil seems to be the immediate cause of GMs problems, decreasing the sale of its sport utility vehicles and trucks (Lowenstein, 2008). The automaker is potentially looking at more layoffs and speculation of a possible sale of Buick and Pontiac (Lowenstein, 2008), however GMs vice president states that Hummer is the only brand the automaker is considering selling at this time (Yahoo Finance, 2008b).Mission/Vision StatementThe committee/vision of GM is to be the world leader in out-migration products and related services (General Motors, 2008b). Through continuous improvements driven by integrity, teamwork, and re risinging of GM people, the company has earned its nodes trust and enthusiasm. With all of the disceptation and the betterment of hybrid and alternative fueled vehicles, GM should look to being a leader of innovation. With this in mind, the legation statement could read GM leave become the world leader in quality, innovative, and cost efficient products. The mission is for G M to become the auto industry leader in gross revenue and market share in the global market.Company ValuesGM has six core value in which employees are to use in conducting daily business practices (General Motors, 2008c). These core set consist of continuous improvement, customer enthusiasm, innovation, teamwork, and individual respect and responsibility. These values must portray an image to the companys consumers that it values their needs and wants. With this said GM should add customer value and thought process green to its core values. This measure would show the company is focused on achieving high levels of customer satisfaction by providing innovative products that offer customers more choices with alternative fueled vehicles. Thinking green leave show the company is concerned with doing right by the environmentHow Mission, Vision, and Values Aid in Reaching Desired End StateMission/VisionIn coiffe for GM to achieve its vision, the company understands that many issues mu st be engineered in order to attain its many goals. In order to become a more sustainable company, GM recognizes the importance of compound economic, environmental, and social objectives into its daily business objectives and future planning activities. The future success of the company partly depends on technology, innovation, and partnerships (General Motors, 2008b).With technology, GM can efficiently address climate changes and fuel efficiency through its products. By accelerating the checkment and deployment of new technology, the company is able to improve its existing technology. Innovation provides GM with the tools to develop new ways of doing things as a company and with others. With increased competition in the global industry, innovation is critical in the future success of the company. In order to continue being responsive to the needs and concerns of its stakeholder and creating a sustainable future, GM understands the importance of continuing to build strong partner ships with the employees, industries, governments, markets, and communities, and others in order to be responsive to the needs and concerns of our various stakeholders (General Motors, 2008b).ValuesGM is based on is six fundamental values.With these values, the company has adopted and endorsed principles, such as the GM Environmental Principles and the Global Sullivan Principles. These principles are consistent with the companys values and serve to inform its strategies. The company states, These strategies drive our behaviors and actions, which produce the results that matter (General Motors, 2008c).Components of the strategical Management Process Needing to be AnalyzedEffect the New scheme will have on the Leadership and Culture of the OrganizationHow the Outcomes will Affect StakeholdersReferencesGeneral Motors. (2008a). About GM Company profile. Retrieved July 10, 2008, from http//www.gm.comGeneral Motors. (2008b). Sustainability and GM Vision and Strategy. Retrieved July 10, 2008, from http//www.gm.comGeneral Motors. (2008c). 2005/06 corporate responsibility report. Retrieved July 9, 2008, from http//www.gm.comLowenstein, R. (2008). Siphoning G.M.s future. New York Times, p. A.21. Retrieved July 10, 2008, from ProQuest database.Yahoo Finance. (2008a). General Motors Corporation (GM) Historical prices. Retrieved July 12, 2008, from http//finance.yhoo.com/Yahoo Finance. (2008b). GM reassures dealers only Hummer brand is for sale. Reuters. Retrieved July 10, 2008, from http//biz.yahoo.com

Discussing British Police Forces In The Uk Criminology Essay

Discussing British constabulary Forces In The Uk Criminology EssayBritish constabulary puffs in the united Kingdom are unarm, patrolling officers carry baton, speed-handcuffs and incapacitate spray. However, around units carry sub-machine guns and protective clothing on the international airports. law ingestion of suck is a controversy subject of many discussions and it commode ready social conflict. Citizens want the natural law to be able to protect them against criminals, detestation and violence by lend oneself of force. The fear of exercise of force and step of authority by the law leave behind challenge freedom and idleronic human and civil rights. It also threatens characteristic and priceless value to British traditional policing by consent (Waddington and Wright 2008, Waddington 1991, Waddington 2003 and Waldern 2007).To answer the take a leakshop report incertitude it is necessary to state that the above quote The patrol are the custodians of the states square monopoly of force/coercion comes from Waddingtons book The strong arm of the law, published by Clarendon Press in 1991.Main bodyBackground in organic lawPolicing and police force forces in England and Wales differ to the policing style in Scotland and Northern Ireland. The start of policing was seen in 1829 in London established by Sir Robert Peel (Waddington 2003 and Palmer 1988).The police officers were gird at the beginning when the famous Bow Street Runners carried weapons. However, Peel insisted on creation of the New law. It would include British police officers who are seen as citizens in uniform, that means that they have more powers then citizens when are uniformed, except they are equal when off craft. Also they were dressed in a non-military style and their presence was highly visible in the community (Waddington and Wright 2008 and Waldern 2007).Police call of force and coercionPolice officers al itinerarys must noeticise their use of force and it must be necessary and proportionate to the stain and danger. The force must aim and targeted at the specific offender (Harlow 1974, Ashworth 1975 and Waddington 2003).The metropolitan Police Service has its firearm department, called CO19 (known over the years as D6, D11, PT17 or SO19). Arms Police carry various combinations of weapons, including carbines, rifles, baton guns, pump-action shotguns and tasers.Coercion is way of reaction and answer when forcing public to behave in an involuntary conduct. Those actions and practice can be accomplished by use of threats, intimidation, form of pull and force or use of torture as the most essential methods (Police 2009, Waddington 1991).Previously, the military was the exclusive states custodians of force. Due to the growth of the nations multicultural and citizenship the police unquestionable into the core institution to establish respectfulness between states rule-governed monopoly and the citizens (Marshall 1950, Tilly 1995 and Waldern 2007). break down to kill policyPolice officers use of lethal force is the exist resource, to eliminate the threat and it does non mean shot to kill, although it aims to stop an at hand(predicate) threat to life.The practice and passs when using lethal force in coitus to terrorists was to aim at the torso, with is the biggest part of the body. From the other hand, it mostly causes fatal injuries to the terrorist suspect. It was replaced with the recommendation to use firearms as the last resource in self-defense cases.The step down point can be argued that the bomb placed on the white meat and can be detonated when shot. That can clarify the actions of some armed police officers (e.g. driveing of Jean Charles de Menezes on 22/07/2005) who shot to incapacitate by multiple shots to the head of a suspected suicide bomber. Shooting in such a way intends to guarantee immediate flaccid incapacitation of the fountainhead stem. The main principle of shooting to incapacitate is no t to kill however to accomplish instant incapacitation (ACPO 2005, Amnesty International 1988, Asmal 1985, Kennison and Loumansky 2007, Mainwaring-White 1983, Squires and Kennison 2010 and Waldern 2007).Policing by consentPolicing by consent is the relationship between police and community based on agreement. Community trains to respect and follow actions, tasks and routinely police work in return of detection and protection from crime. British police officers confirmation unarmed to uphold Queens Peace.The term of policing by consent can be confusing because police officers operate as members of the legitimate authority, custodians of the state. The police officer may ask the suspect to remain calm, answer few questions and stay with the police officer. The suspect may dissent the follow officers instructions, which will probably result in the suspect being arrested. The suspect did not consent to being arrested but wanted to leave, the police powers of arrest seize the police officer to act against suspects will and detain the suspect.The publics compliance can be achieved by informing the public what to do. In case if they refuse and do not comply, police officer can force them to compliance (Police 2009 and Waddington 1991).LegislationsThose documents give the police powers to use force as a custodians of states lawful monopoly.Police and Criminal Evidence transaction 1984Gives powers of arrest, search a individual/vehicle without first making an arrest, search premises, seize and retain spot found on premises/persons, the requirements for the detention, treatment and questioning of people in the custody, recording of interviews, methods apply during the investigation and deals with the detention of terrorism suspects (Home Office 2010). tender Rights Act 1998, Article 2Protects right to life and states the use of lethal force by police should be necessary and proportionate (The discipline Archives 2010 and Waddington and Wright 2008).The ACPO Ma nual of Guidance on Police Use of FirearmsThe police officers may use force only when strictly necessary and to the cessation required to perform their duties (ACPO 2005).Criminal Justice Act 1967, section 3Any person may use reasonable force in prevention of crime or assisting during the lawful arrest for lawful purposes (Waddington 1991 and Waddington and Wright 2008). unwashed LawPolice officers and citizens share a right to defend themselves and the duty to maintain Queens Peace (Waddington and Wright 2008).ConclusionThe law in United Kingdom allows police officer to use reasonable force to experience an arrest, to prevent crime from happening or in case of self-defense. The use of fatal force needs to be justified that the fore used during the given circumstances was not more than absolutely necessary. The above enactment created public concerns and nervousness about the issue of usage of the minimum force and style of policing based on coercion. The police have authorizati on by the law to achieve compliance from the public by usage of coercion. As mention earlier, policing by consent and coercion created the dilemma, due to the publics expectation, norms and values and the methods of policing.The armed officers are allowed only to shot to stop an imminent threat to life.Police officers need to take a responsible decision when planning to shoot a firearm.The officer must be convinced of the indisputable need to fire a gun in order to protect life, the rational nature of the force that they will use, and the insufficiency of any other option.The force used by police as the custodians of the states monopoly of force can only be used against citizens who breach the peace and break the lawThe formation of an unarmed and civil police force is the mark-point of the British police tradition. It resulted in the establishment of the states lawful monopoly for force.ReferencesACPO (2005) The ACPO Manual of Guidance on Police use of Firearms, ACPOAmnesty Interna tional (1988) United Kingdom Northern Ireland Killings by guarantor Forces and Supergrass Trials, London, Amnesty InternationalAshworth, A. J. (1975) Self-defense and the right to life, Cambridge Law ledger 34, Volume 2Asmal, K. (1985) Shoot to Kill? International Lawyers Inquiry into the lethal Use of Firearms by the Security Forces in Northern Ireland, Dublin, Mercier Press.Harlow, C. (1974) Self-Defense creation Right or Private Privilege?, Criminal Law critical reviewHome Office (2010) Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) and go with Codes of Practice, http//www.homeoffice.gov.uk/police/powers/pace-codes (accessed on 05/11/2010)Kennison, P. and Loumansky, A. (2007) Shoot to kill Understanding police use of force in combating suicide terrorism, Crime, Law and Social transform 47Mainwaring-White, S. (1983) The Policy Revolution, Brighton HarvesterMarshall, T. H. (1950) Citizenship and Social Class and Other Essays, Cambridge University Press.Palmer, S. H. (1988) Pol ice and Protest in England and Ireland, 1780-1850, Cambridge Cambridge University PressPolice (2009) Policing by Consent, The Police confederacy of England and WalesSquires, P. and Kennison, P. (2010) Shooting to kill? Policing, Firearms and Armed Response, Wiley-BlackwellThe National Archives (2010) adult male Rights Act 1998, http//www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/42/contents (accessed on 05/11/2010)Tilly, C. (1995) Popular Contention in Great Britain, Harvard University Press.Waddington, P. A. J. (1991) The strong arm of the law, Oxford Clarendon PressWaddington, P. A. J. (1999) Policing Citizens, London, RoutledgeWaddington, P. A. J. (2003) Human Rights and Police use of Force in the Terrorist Context, in Stenning, P. C. (eds.) Police use of Force and Human Rights, Criminology Research Centre Occasional PaperWaddington, P. A. J. and Wright, M. (2008) in Newburn, T. (eds.) Handbook of Policing, help Edition, Willan PublishingWaldern, M. J. (2007) Armed Police The Police Use of Firearms since 1945, Sutton Publishing

Reusability of Object Oriented Interfaces in UML Diagrams

Reusability of Object orientated Interfaces in UML DiagramsI. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, computing machine parcel is the item-by-item most grievous technology in the world. Softw ar developers baffle continually attempted to develop rising technologies due to the growing importance of computer parcel. In these emergences some of them focused on a technology domain of a function i.e. object lens point system/ curriculumming 22. metrics are elusive to collect and may not really whole tone the intended fictional character measures of packet program. Empirical validation is must to verify the usefulness of a mensurable in practical applications.A. packet Engineering software plan started with a humble beginning and it has slowly come into existence. Now, software engineering is the opera hat solution to the software problems. Most of the broadcastmers/developers view the software engineering as an engineering approach to develop the software 21.B. Software meterI f you careen measure its not Engineering community is a special K citation by the engineering community 10. metre is the basis for all wisdom and engineering. Good measuring sticks are necessary for successful process. Software measure is quiet considerably less than optimal in terms of measurement techniques and the hoi polloi and reliability of published data 2.Software measurement plays an important subprogram for finding the quality and reliability of software products. The measurement activities require distinguish tools to await relevant metric values. At present large come of metric tools are ready(prenominal) for software measurement 1. The main butt of this paper is to find the reusability of portholes in object point computer programing.2. MEASUREMENTS AND METRICS step is the technology that allows the software professional to make visible progress for modify the software related factors. Measurement is not only a slaying factor that leads to behavioura l changes but it is used to improve the factors that are existence measured 2. It is a clear note that measurement is necessary for the software development process to be successful.A. conventional prosodyFrom 1976 traditional rhythmic pattern have been used in software measures for measuring the software complexness. Nowadays, a large spot of software metrics has been proposed to measure effort and quality. Traditional metrics are important to measure non object point programs 18. inflection are used as a controlling method in development and to measure either the process of development or respective(a) aspects of the product 101426. Traditional metrics are used to measure the complexity of the program and comment percentage of the program.B. Object oriented Programming and metric unitsObject lie software is a more recent and important quality software than that of the old-style procedural software/program 24. With the wide air object point technology the subject of soft ware engineering has acquire much attention over the last two decades 2025. Object orient design and development are very important and popular opinions in todays development environment. Object oriented design and development requires a polar approach to design, implementation and to the software metrics compared to standard set of metrics.prosody are very essential and important to measure object oriented software programming 13. The development of software metrics for object oriented technology / programming has received more attention. A large number of metrics have been developed by researchers and numerous tools are available to jockstrap assess design quality and to collect metrics from software programs, designs, quality and maintenance etc 5192324. many an(prenominal) object oriented metrics proposed in literature survey lack theoretical proof and some have not been validated. The metrics that evaluate the object oriented programming concepts are methods, classes, cou pling and cohesion. Very few metrics are presented for object oriented ports. In this paper, a measurement has been proposed to calculate the reusability of larboards in object oriented programming.3. OBJECT ORIENTED INTERFACESThe concept of an user embrasure is old. Software engineering has been employ interfaces for more than 25 years. Nowadays interfaces are heavily used in all disciplines especially in object oriented programming 7. With interface throw, object oriented programming features a h onest concept with spunky potential code reusability. Interfaces are used to organize code and add a solid boundary between the different levels of abstraction 17 4.It is steady-going to use interfaces in large type of applications because interfaces make the software/program easier to extend, modify and integrate new features.An interface is a prototype for class. With the construct of an interface java allows a concept of high potential for producing a reclaimable code. Interf aces in object oriented programming just shoot names and signatures of methods and attributes, but no method implementations. Interfaces are implemented by classes. The inheritance hierarchy of interfaces is independent than that of class inheritance tree. Therefore object oriented languages like java gives higher potential to produce reusable code than abstract classes 15 9 16.4. REUSABILITYReusability is always an interesting topic with shining promise. useful code is an effective combination 2 concept.* Properly defined interface definitions and* Efficiently defined class social organization and inheritance.In this paper, the authors followed the first concept of reusability and measured the metric for interface reusability by giving a new normal. One benefit of defining interface is that every class that implements an interface must be inline with the interfaces functional requirements. Large amount of code overlap occurs within each implementation classes. Based on the cl ass structure designed at the development era the implementation classes are nonionic according to their interface group type and inheritance allowed to access common logic.Reusability is an important factor for the software community people because it is the ability to employ a number of software artefacts in terms of requirements, architecture, plans, cost estimates, designs, stem code, data elements, interfaces, screens, user manuals, test plans and test cases. Software reusability is an experimental one under the impact of new tools and programming languages. The measurement of software/program and the software development process are much needed for software professionals attempting to improve their software process. Reusability of software increase productivity and quality and chasten the cost 236. So in this paper, the reusability is measured for object oriented programming interfaces development the new convention.5. BACK GROUND SUPPORT PROPOSED APPROACHMeasurement i s not just a software activity. A good measurement process is an effective method for demonstrating new tools and process improvements. An accurate measurement is a prerequisite process for all engineering disciplines and software engineering is not an exceptional one for calculating the accurate results. There is no significant work on the design of human computer interfaces. In literature, relatively little information has been published on metrics. Those metrics would bid limited insight into the quality and usability of the interface 12.So the proposed approach is to hit a economy for calculating the reusability of interfaces accurately 23. Deeper an interface in hierarchy leads to greater the reusability of inherited methods. When the depth of inheritance (DIT) of an interface increases the reusability of an interface too increases. So DIT of an interface has positive impact with the reusability of an interface. Reusability of interfaces are mensurable by the following two ways1. Reusability of interfaces is calculated by using the formula(RI) = Total No. of links to interfaces No. of interfaces.RI Total Reusability of interface diagram.2. The reusability of interfaces in a diagram is calculated by using the formula-Total Reusability of a diagramRI = R (I1) + R (I2) +.R (In)R- Reusability and I1..In are InterfacesIn each diagram the reusability of an interface is calculated by using the formula and all interface reusability must be added to find the total reusability of interface diagram. In both ways i.e. according to formula 1 and 2 the values are equal. This is shown in table 1, 2 and 3.6. EMPIRICAL watchTo validate the formula empirically tether object-oriented diagrams are used to calculate the values for reusability of an interface for each diagram.Figure 1 shows object oriented design diagram shapes interfaces. Table 1 shows the values of reusability of each interface and total reusability of interfaces using the above formula.TABLE 1. REU SABILITY OF INTERFACES FOR SHAPESRI = Total Reusability of a diagramL-I = Reusability of an interfaceI=1 since reusability is calculated for each interface. No. of interfaces = 1.In the above table 1 RI is calculated by using the formula 1 and 2.TABLE 2. VALUES OF INTERFACE REUSABILITY7. CONCLUSIONMany simplistic metrics do not capture the importance of whatever it is that it has to measure. Many developers and software engineers are experiencing the benefits and uses of reusability in completion of the project with in the time and cost. Many other programmers and developers believe that software reuse will help in reducing cost and provide other benefits in software development. Object oriented programming software is more reusable than functionally decomposed software. Software reuse increases production and quality of software and reduces software development cost and time. Reusability is an attribute of software quality. By measuring reusability we can measure software quality. The authors have proposed a new metric to measure the reusability of interfaces in object oriented programming. As software is being developed, it is very good and important to keep an eye on the various parameters. The authors used three UML object oriented diagrams to validate the formula. Hence, this approach is an eye-opener to measure reusability of interface diagram.REFERENCES1 Bakar N.S.A.A. Boughton .C,Using a Combination of Measurement Tools to Extract Metrics from Open Source Projects, minutes of Software Engineering and Applications of 2008.2 Capers Jones, Applied Software Measurement-Global Analysis and Productivity Quality, third Edition.3 Christopher L. Brooks, Christopher G.Buell, A Tool for Automatically Gathering Object-Oriented Metrics, IEEE, 1994.4 Dirk Riehle and Erica Dubach,Working With Java Interfaces and Classes-How to recount Interfaces from Implementations, P.No35-46, Published in Java Report 4, 19995 El Hachemi Alikacem, Houari A. Sahraoui, Generic Metr ic Extraction Framework,IWSM/Metrickon, Software Measurement Conference 2006.6 Etzkorn W.E., Hughes, Jr W.E. and Davis C.G. ,Automated reusability quality analysis of OO bequest software, Information and Software Technology, Volume 43 , Issue 5, April 2001,P.No295-308.7 FriedRich Steimann, Philip Mayer, Andreas MeiBner,Decoupling Classes with Inferred Interfaces , Proceedings of 2006 ACM, Symposium on Applied reckoning, Pg.No1404-1408.8 Hector M. Olague , Letha H. Etzkorn, Senior Member, IEEE, Sampson Gholtson and Stephen Quattlebaum ,Empirical Validation of Three Software Metrics Suites to Predict Fault-Proneness of Object-Oriented Classes Developed Using Highly Iterative or restless Software Development Processes,IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 33,No.6,June 2007.9 ISRD GROUP,Introduction to Object Oriented Programming through JAVA,TATA Mc Graw Hill, Pg.No109.10 Ivar Jacobson, Magnus Christerson, Patrick Johnson,Gunnar OverGarrd,Object Oriented SoftwareEngineering -A Use cause Driven Approach,P.NO468, Pearson Education 2001.11 Ken Pugh, Object Oriented Design, Chapter 5,Inheritance and Interfaces, The prosaicProgrammers, LLC, 2005.12 Khan R.A., K.Mustafa And S.A.Ahson, SoftwareQuality Concepts And Practices, P.No140.13 Linda H. Rosenberg,Applying and InterpretingObject Oriented Metrics, Presented at the SoftwareTechnology Conference, Utah, April 1998.14 Madumathi I. B.Palaniappan,A Tool for Extracting Object Oriented Metrics,International Journal of Computing and Applications ,2007.15 Markus Mohenen, Interfaces with Default Implementations in Java, Aachen University of Technology.16 Markus Mohnen,Interfaces with Default Implementations in Java,Technical Report, RWTH Aachen,April 2002.17 Matthew Cochran,Coding Better Using Classes Vs. Interfaces, January 18th, 2009.18 Nachiappan Nagappan, doubting Thomas Ball and Andreas Zeller, Mining Metrics to Predict Component Failures, Verification and Measurement Group , Microsoft Research, 2005, Re dmond, Washington.19 Neville I. Churcher, Martin J. Sheppered, ACM Software Engineering Notes, Vol.20, Issue 2, P.No69-75, April 1995.20 Pradeep Kumar Bhatia, Rajbeer Mann, An Approach to Measure Software Reusability of OO Design , Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Challenges Opportunities in Information Technology,COIT-2008,RIMT-IET,March 29,2008.21 Rajib Mall ,Fundamentals of Software Engineering, Chapter 1, Pg.No1-18,2nd Edition, April 2004.22 Roger S. Pressman,Software Engineering a Practitioners Approach, 6th Edition.23 Rudiger Lincke, Jonas Lundberg and Welf Lowe,Comparing Software Metrics tools,ISSTA 08,July 20-24,2008.24 Santonu Sarkar, Member, IEEE, Avinash C. Kak, and Girish Maskeri Rama, Metrics for Measuring the Quality of Modularization of Large-Scale Object-Oriented Software, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 5, Sep-Oct 2008.25 Terry .C. and Dikel .D.,Reuse Library Standards Aid Users in condition up Organizational Reuse Programs,Em bedded System Programming Product News,1996.26 success Laing and Charles Coleman,Principal Components of Orthoganal Object-Oriented Metrics, Nov.20th 2008,

Organization Development

plaque readingExecutive Summary cheekal emergence mold is considered to be an integral deviate of an disposal, its strategicalal formulation and managing twenty-four hour period-to-day activities. Considering these cases, the purpose of this exercise and the attempt made inthat regard is to define the component of organisational development, its desegregation and tocreateand examine arrangingal development (OD) concepts and its application is real establishment establish in UAE. For that reason, a need arise to identify an judicature is likewise a necessity. Hence, it should be handsome that the organisational selected for the purpose of this mesh is Abu Dhabi inwrought Oil Corporation (ADNOC). Thus, the overall objective of this de tiltate is to investigate and de telephone circuitate the umteen problems,dilemmas and measurement facing an governing, and how manager cope with the difficulties or governanceal development surgeryes and its undertaking. It would besides support to add herein that the structure of this report is divided into three parts, namely part 1, part 2, and part 3 that cover the situation, the governing bodyal development process and finally our analysis, the subject affaire conclusion and its recommendation. Introduction boldness development is considered an integral part of the cheek day to day process. OD in the backdrop of its concept is to repair geological formations and its effectiveness. OD and its mark for that matter is a long- edge process, which when undertaken at the strategic or day to day basis sustains organization to cry m either compiling writes. OD is twain an intrinsic and extrinsic segmentation that helps organization cope with internal and out-of-door switch over more organically. Subject intimacy Issue and its Consideration It is natural only that issue jakes non be sided unconnected from any fixings of organizational development discussion and its discourse, where question a nd foresee question arise as follows- How organizational development (OD) inside an organization is organized? What defines Human Resource Information System (HRIS) indoors the concepts of OD? Does the role of organizational development consultant is a necessity? How dismiss HRM and their role converge in enhancing organizational process and it undertaking? What ar OD role in the area of concern practices and motions? It is clarified that the overall objective of this work is to define these components in part and climb at that placeof, which is as follows. PART 1 ADNOC Assessment and Overview of OrganizationHistory of ADNOC ADNOC (Abu Dhabi field Oil Corporation) is based in Abu Dhabi, UAE. It is one of the leading vegetable oil manufacturers today. The gild was established in 1971. (ADNOC, About ADNOC ) ADNOC Purpose ADNOC calling purpose is to investigate gas and oil reserves and producing it. The purpose of the familiarity excessively defines the achieveme nt and exploration of oil reserves in order to meet the world-wide demand. (ADNOC, About ADNOC )Mission The mission of the company is to create a repute chain through its products and services and besides to play an integral part in the UAE economy, by contributing to the ontogenesis of the UAE economy as easy as playing a centrifugal role in the neighborly, scotch and education sector and its development. (ADNOC) make Figure in the Organization Key bod in the organization is the chairman of the supreme petroleum council (SPC). The chairmanship erect is held by H.H. Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan. He is also the latest prexy of the UAE and its Trucial states. higher up all, being the ruler of Abu Dhabi, H.H. Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan also helps in the formulation of the company policy, and overseeing the operating(a) polices of the company supranational operations. (ADNOC, About ADNOC ) outside(a) conditions in which ADNOC operatesInternational business defines ADNOC. Hence, international business environs and its bend are major aspects of ADNOC. The company also uses high drilling methods and right machinery and engineering. Above all, the company operates its international business concurrently with 15 of its colligate companies for streamlined operational process, which add to the signifi bungholece of the company in the international business environs. (ADNOC, About ADNOC )PART 2 The Process of organisational schooling (OD)The Feature of Organization Development (OD)OD is the assessment of the major divisor that defines an organization, namely its people, its culture, its system, its strategic style and most burning(prenominal)ly its management styles. Besides, the skills of soul and the role technology plays also form the object of organization development and its discussion. (McGladrey, 2006 , p. 3) Definition of Organization Development (OD)OD is understood to be two a professional field of friendly action and an era of scientific enquiry. It covers a broad arena of organizational processes. In real term of its meaning and definition, OD is a planned process of change in an organization culture through the utilization of behavioral science technology, research and theory (Thomas G. Cummings, 2008 , p. 2) assert Warner Burke. Wendell France defines organization development as long kitchen range efforts to improve an organization problem-solving capability and its ability to cope with changes in its external environment with the help of external and internal behavioral scientist consultant or agent of change as they are sometime called. (Thomas G. Cummings, 2008 , p. 2)The Functional aspect of Organization Development Organizational development as can be understood is the process that take place within an organization as a means to increase organization effectiveness and facilitating personal and organizational change through the use of intervention driven by social and behavioral science knowledge. (Anderson, 2009 , p. 3) HRIS (Human Resource Information System) in context of Organization Development Organization development and its meaning is the major element of HR strategic preparation process in an organization. (McGladrey, 2006 , p. 3) For that matter, unused age management practices of organization development in context of HRM also reflect the new forms of practices such as HRIS (human Resource Information System) making its way within the organization. HRIS add tax to the organization development process. There is no uncertainness in that regard. As a matter of fact, in bustling flow and availability of authentic education related to human pick facilitates rational terminations. (Kandula, 2006 , p. 70) This is true, considering that information are a vital part of an organization and also help in the basis of decision making, that also based on tenability of it. Hence, HRIS plays a profound part of organization development process. The Role of OD C onsultant HRM Consulting Professional role are a welcoming potty in any organization. The same case also can be looked in respect of HR professional who acts as consultant to organization. On the other hand, OD role can also apply to internal consultants and professionals, or external consultant, where their role is build on the basis of change part that need to be implemented n a unagitated and functional way. (Thomas G. Cummings, 2008 , p. 66)It is being said that if HR professional play a consultative role within an organization, chances are that the value of their professional practices would give way ofttimes time working on behalf of the organization to address the issue at hand and to uncover any potential issues. (William M. Kahnweiler, 2005 , p. 45) Hence, it is very likely that the role of HR consultant do add value to organization one or the other way and most organization also prefer it that way in adding value to organization development course. Above all, service deliveries are that core of HR professional role. The evolving nature of HR role also can be looked in respect of the good specialist role that they play in the organizational process, either when it comes to arrangement or tracking and interpreting regulatory changes in ensuring that organization inhabit in compliance. Strategically speaking, HR also play a significant part in getting the right people and right endowment fund so that organization dont miss on anything, when it comes to change dodging, employee retirement plans, and any other administrative functional aspects. (Marc Effron, 2003 , p. 275)OD Role and its Management Aspects Organization development role as we have maintain is critical to the harvesting of the organization. As a matter of fact, it is held that top management involvement is an important condition for success of OD. The need for OD in an organization also arise for many another(prenominal) reason, namely major changes in the external environmen t or technologies, or factor like a merger whitethorn make an organization existing structure or management practices and culture. (Cartwright, 2005 , p. 290) Hence, a planned intervention of the change factor is a necessity at all train of OD course and its process formulation. OD and its process intervention As we have mentioned higher up, the intervention of OD is critical to the growth of an organization. preventive can be in the forms of the following. Human Intervention morphologic Intervention Organizational Cultural Intervention Strategic Planning Intervention Justification ADNOC Features of Organization Development (OD)From the above theoretical assimilation, we take away that ADNOC as an organization have grown many folds from what it was during the times of its establishment. Today ADNOC claims a place in the top ten global oil manufacturers and exporter. We figure out that almost all forms of OD and its simulation as discussed above find a place of consideration a nd in activities practice in ADNOC. There is no denying this fact. When taking a tour of the company website there is reason to belief that what defines ADNOC in context of OD is very some(prenominal) in real practical term. For example, ADNOC efforts in the exploration and mining and producing oil and gas are huge and tremendous. The company produce more than 2.7 one thousand thousand barrel per day, (ADNOC, About ADNOC ) this is something that defines how the object of such a production level is achieved. If the case would not have been with effective OD, such a first step would have been a far cry. Yet the company thorough its strategic plan intervention in the OD have enabled itself and raised the bar as a competitor in the world 500 set company. There are many other aspects of OD and its subsystems such as HRM and its course also that shapes the foundation of the company and its growth today. For examples, it is being observe that ADNOC take a systematic approach to its HRM. The factor of it can be justified in context of ADNOC training and development course. ADNOC have maintained that fostering continuous growth and development of its employee accumulate the object of the company CSR. ADNOC in the realms of HRM have been effective to integrate changes as and when the time demands, given over its active training and development course. Training and development in ADNOC is to leave in the rich talent base in the company and its HRM foundation at the core of it. As a manufacturing company, ADNOC dependant on human bully is huge. Without human intervention, the very essence of its operational objective and goals seems to be a far car. And the company understands these elements, which is why training and development course is to promote the value of its human with child(p) letter, where the flow of information and all aspects of development course related to HRM or the introduction of HRIS for streamlined HR management aspects does not miss the sight of policy maker in ADNOC. (ADNOC, Training Development )Moreover, CSR approach in ADNOC also is very much in line of OD. Being a global oil manufacturer, ADNOC understand the value connected to the business environmental factor and its compliance. Its groups of companies or to say affiliate also follows a detailed business operation which is direct in line with the socio-political and cross- pagan business practices.Speaking of strategy, these feature also very much finds a place of consideration in ADNOC. The company as we learn is committed to its business dogma, that is to say, creating value chain through the introduction of technology human knowledge as well as taking discriminate environmental policy for sustainable development of the company the strategic level. Thus, what we can reason is that OD in ADNOC defines the long range efforts to improve an organization problem-solving capability and its ability to cope with changes in its external environment with the he lp of external and internal agent of change in all factor of OD and its undertaking in the company. PART 3 The Outcome and its abridgmentFrom the above discussion and its analysis, we understand that OD is very critical to the smooth functioning of an organization. There is also either reason to believe that OD and its process formulation helps organization to cope with the demand of the business environment. As a matter of fact, effective OD and its process integrating is critical and a vital tool that most managers undertakes, be it policy formulation, decision making or integration technology in the realms of an organization business process. Apart from that, OD and its methodology thus should be taken with callable care and attention to details. Moreover, organization also requires the surmount available resource apart from machinery and other technical tools. Human capital thus is a vital and centrifugal objective to be considered. After all, human capital for that matter is considered to be the backbone of the organization. In the knowledge economy their value have besides evolved and enhanced. Hence, to ring in the benefits of a subsystem in HRM such as HRIS can be vital to the management aspects of human capital and also in increasing the worth of the organization in the militant market place. OD as we can reason herein and every aspects of its conditioning define the face of an organization, within the internal and external factor and its influence. The contribution of OD considering all the vital parts and parcel for an organization is huge. The same case also can be observed in ADNOC and the OD concept at play. ADNOC for that matter have been at the mind of ongoing change internally and externally and coping with the challenges of the business environment with ease, which brings us to the point in speculating that ADNOC and the concept of OD at play is very much present in the organization management, strategic HRM, operational management and its course is achieved concurrently and organically. Thus, what we can add is that the contribution of OD to the overall organization and its effective shows in the way of ADNOC and how the company handles its operation and all aspects of business operation and strategy with ease and confidence. ConclusionOrganizational process is complex when we viewed objectively. In the current state of affairs ADNOC faces many challenges. Change as we view in context of ADNOC has been an ongoing undertaking, both at the management level, corporate level and policy level. We feel that ADNOC current short-term and long-term problem can be speculated to be the HRM features of the organization, sustainable and environmental measures and its outlining as well as business environment and its challenges. recommendation Following is the recommendation It is recommended that ADNOC CSR approach should be more detailed and practical, considering the principle preached by the company and its brand image. Secondly, ADNOC intervention in context of HRIS, morphologic intervention, organizational cultural intervention and strategic planning intervention should be in line with the current needs and demands of the environment in which ADNOC is located. That is to say, strategically attention to OD and its intervention should be more objective to address almost all features of the OD concepts in real practical terms. ternion factor is that leadership also should find a place of active intervention, so that the so called future leader can be sustain within the company. Action plan in the organization should also be more detailed, and the role of HR professional and OD consultants also should be considered on an ongoing basis and nurturing change through comparative management practices is also not a bad idea at all, since that way the international business of ADNOC can be enhanced further. It is also further commented that the role of OD in the process of the organization operation a nd day to day management is dynamic and complex, considering that every organization is a social system, and there is no absolute or best way to bring about a change automatically. And the methodologies that are employed will work differently at different times. What matters is the involvement of the top management in the organization to rope in change factor in the best possible way for an effective solution. Above all, strategically speaking the strategy of OD is to intervene in the ongoing activities of an organization. (Cartwright, 2005 , p. 290 ) Intervention plan in ADNOCWe recommend that intervention plan or its intention should form a combination of these four features mentioned below for effective and efficiency of OD and its process undertaking in ADNOC. 1. Human intervention Organization achieves the OD goals through human resource management functions, namely recruitment, selection, compensation and performance management, integration and placement process. A combinati on of these human factor helps achieve the OD goals and its objective. (Durai, 2010 , p. 264) Hence the same design also can be coordinated in ADNOC. 2. Structural Intervention Structural design changes concerned the organization division of labor and its specialization. Intervention aimed at structural design take moving from traditional practices into a more integrative and flexible forms, which helps OD process to address and meet the process of the organization, be it for customer centrical or network based structure. (Thomas G. Cummings, 2008 , pp. 158-59) Hence, such feature and its combination are also highly recommended for ADNOC. 3. Organizational Cultural intervention Intervention design in any forms seeks to understand situational contingencies such as individual differences within the organization members and management of change process. Organizational cultural intervention is a necessity because an organization is made up of individual and group members. (Thomas G. C ummings, 2008 , p. 162) Hence, cultural bonding should be at the heart of any OD at ADNOC, where the cultural dimension is redefined for effective organization activities and day-to-day management.4. Strategic planning Intervention Strategic OD or its intervention defines the objective and desktop of strategic management process. Hence, for any matter in that regard, ADNOC also can reap the benefit of it simply by upgrading the active intervention of strategic planning, be it at the policy level and its formulation, defining future goals and roadmap, identifying the operational objectives, and the orientation of a business goals and it alignment into one solid foundation. calibration of its activities, process and overall management aspects also should find its course. Strategic planning intervention is all about long-term goals and its objective. The best way an organization rope in the strategic planning process assist organization to cope with various factor of change and to be competitive in the business environment.

Artrow of God :: essays research papers

Colonialism is seen as a difficult arrangement that prevents even the best commonwealth from acting for the special K good. Chapters in which the British officials discuss with one another reveal that dapple they are not the worst of their type, racism and ignorant condescension much or slight come with the territory. On page 174 is a big(p) example The white man watched Ezuelu with something like amusement on his face. When the instance finished he tightened up his face and began again. He rebuked Ezeulu for showing disrespect for the order of the government and warned him that if he showed such disrespect again he would be severely punished.The British master political platform for governing the Igbo, a plan with which Winterbottom, a seasoned colonial ruler, strongly opposes because it invites exploitation and corruption. The plan is to set up certain African leaders as British spectators. This novel is intercultural because its dealing with two different civilizations o f society. The two components that experience are modern versus tradition. Achebe is concerned with the toll taken on Igbo people by the replacing of their old beliefs. A lesser son of Ezeulu, Oduchi, is elect to go a Christian school more or less as a mole to keep his father informed. In a literal and misguided interpretation of scripture, he decides he must fracture the head of one of the pythons that are sacred creatures to the Igbo.Achebe is very depictive when piece themes of descriptions of most marriages among characters. He displays this genuine love that exists between the keep up and the favored wife, as in the tenderly drawn marriage between Obika and Okuata. On the other hand, the wealthy, greedy Nwaka who opposes Ezeulu at the outset of the book has acquired phoebe bird wives by the books end. The position of women within Igbo society is perceived to compromise with polygamy. onetime(a) wives often express jealousy of new ones but worse possibilities authorize b ecause of the corruption of colonialism. One African elevated to a position of view by the British is said to take any woman he wants without paying the bride price. Within the Igbo culture, women are at highly protected. This is a better example of how the language and writing technique communicates to outside readers by victimization emotions that inform the relations between the races.This novels theme is universal and is capable to doctor to readers outside of Africa.

The Awakening Essay -- essays research papers

The Awakening, written by Kate Chopin, tells the story of a woman, Edna Pontellier, who transforms herself from an duteous housewife to a person who, is alive with strength of character and emotions which she no longer has to repress. Playing the role of a wealthy New siege of Orleans housewife, Edna searches for fulfillment in her customary 19th century life, where the Creole partnership had high expectations of their women. Even with children, a generous husband, and financial stability, Edna finds herself wanting much from life. In the novel, two women friends of Edna, Adele Ratignole and Mademoiselle Reitz signify her awakening and the consequences of her new rear self.&9Edna was attracted to both women for their prospective connection to the two existences indoors which Edna struggles to find herself. Adele Ratignolle is Ednas close friend and confidante, but the two women are zip fastener alike. Adele is the perfect housewife and mother she is the epitome of what a C reole woman and mother ought to be. She lives her life for her children, always be sure that they are aright cared for, clothed, and educated. Unlike Adele whose life is fulfilled through loving and caring for her children, Edna is " warm of her children in an uneven, impulsive way" (Chopin, p. 18). They are not enough to dislodge her life. Adele could not understand how Edna could say that she "would never sacrifice herself for her children, or for anyone" (Chopin, p. 47). Ednas being is ...

Zora Neale Hurston: The Woman and the Writer Essay -- Essays Papers

Zora Neale Hurston The muliebrity and the Writer To nigh peck, the name Zora Neale Hurston is associated solely with Their eye Were Watching God, her most famous work. In some cases her name is synonymous with the Harlem Renaissance. However, very few people are informed some the aspects of Zoras life that influenced her write of Their Eyes , nor do they know about how she arrived in New York to become virtuoso of the most famous Black female writers of her time. Robert Hemenways Zora Neale Hurston A Literary aliveness and Valerie Boyds Wrapped in Rainbows The Life of Zora Neale Hurston both seek to educate people about the life of this writer and to give the reader information about her other literary works. Both authors also draw from other sources to enjoin the story of Zoras life, including interviews with friends and colleagues and Zoras own words. However, the differences are apparent in terms of what Hemenway and Boyd chose to emphasize and what they do not. I n the introduction of Zora Neale Hurston , Hemenway discusses his accusings in writing the biography. Zora Neale Hurston is a literary operative of sufficient talent to deserve intensive study, as an artist and as an intellect, he writes. She deserves an important send off in American literary history(Hemenway xx). In writing the biography, Hemenway is hoping to help push Hurston into her rightful place in the history and achievements of American literary tradition. He also explains that, as a White male author, he does not feel that writing a definitive biography is his job. He feels that a definitive book.should be writtenby a black woman(Hemenway xx). His main objective in writing Zora Neale Hurston was to contribute a new, closer exami... ...ry Louis and McKay, Nellie Y. New York 1997. 1 Hemenways interest in critical analysis of her work as intumesce as his audience seems to be explained by his background as an educator. He is currently chancellor of the University of Ken tucky, and has been for over thirty years. 2Crisis was the name of the NAACPs magazine during the Harlem Renaissance. 3 Jessie Fauset was another Black female writer of the Harlem Renaissance. According to Norton , she was responsible for the hike and discovery of many famous Black Harlem Renaissance writers (Gates and McKay 951). 4 Richard Bruce Nugent, who was, as Boyd puts it, chronically broke, lived with Zora briefly and sometimes used her apartment to work on his writing. 5 Madam C.J. Walker was Americas first Black self-made millionaire, who was the causality of many hair care products for Black women.

Power of Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl Essay

The force out of Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the Life of a striver GirlHarriet Jacobs, in the tell to her book, wrote I do earnestly desire to arouse the women of the North to a realizing sense of the condition of two millions of women at the South, still in bondage, twinge what I suffered, and most of them far worse. I want to add my proof to that of abler pens to convince the people of the Free States what Slavery really is (335). With this statement, Jacobs specified her utilization for writing and her intended audience. This insight gives readersan understanding of why she chose to include what she did in her story as well as why she chose to exclude otherwise details. Although this work is presented as a narrative of her own life circumstances, thither were many occasions when she described conditions of which she was not directly involved. For example, she entitled wiz chapter Sketches of Neighboring Slaveholders and dedicated this section to describing some of the horri fying experiences of other slaves... ... giant that possessed the South, but she held the people of the free states accountable for their contributions in upholding slaveholding through their own laws that mandated the return of runaway slaves as well as their inaction against slavery. Her decision to include what she did while excluding other enumerations was very effective in arguing her point. Works Cited Jacobs, Harriet. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. The Classic Slave Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York Mentor, 1987.

Oscar De La Hoya :: essays research papers

Oscar De La Hoya is a famous headmaster boxer. He isknown every last(predicate) over the world for his looks, talent in the ring andhis great sportsmanship. He is one of the best fighters in thefield of boxing and a in effect(p)ly role model for young children inthe world today.PERSONALOscar De La Hoya lives and was born in tocopherol LosAngeles, California on February 4, 1973. His pargonnts designations be Joel, a former captain boxer from Durango,Mexico, and Dona Cecilia De La Hoya. His mother,Cecilia, passed away in her late thirties when breast cancerattacked her body. Oscar is the youngest boy in the family.He has an older brother chance on Joel, Jr., and a little sistername Maria. As a boy, Oscar never did like fighting or some(prenominal)physical sports. (Oscar, 1) He never looked like a type of someone that would like those kind of things. Everytime hegot into a fight with another kid, he always ran immediatelyto his house and cried. Don Joel, his father did not mo bilizemuch of it. For the fifth or sixth time, however, Don Joelstarted to believe that his password had a problem because, notfighting back when attacked was hardly a Mexican custom.So he decided that the best medicine for his disgrace, at heart the family, was to bring Oscar to visit a boxing gym.After both, Don Joel himself got the like medicine from hisfather, who had boxed in Mexico in the amateur ranks inthe 1930s.(Kawakami, 18) pugilism CAREEROscar world-class saw boxing gloves when he was five days old.From then on he was a boxer all his life. He started bring inningawards and trophies when he was eleven old age old. OscarDe La Hoya never went to college, he finished high schooland focused all his energy on his boxing. As an amateur,De La Hoya spent the early mornings running through thestreets of due east Los Angeles to train.Oscar De La Hoya, also known as " Golden Boy", send-offcaptured Americas hearts by becoming the only Americanboxer to assume an Oly mpic Gold Medal at the 1992 summergames. Oscar got his nickname by publicist John Beyrootyintroducing him with the name "Golden Boy" at a pressconference. After a few months Oscar won Americas only metal(prenominal) medal. Oscars professional career hit the stratospherein June 11, 1994. (Hoffer, 56)He sky-rocketed through the professional ranks becomingthe undisputed, undefeated lightweight champion of theworld in clean his twenty fights. De La Hoya, earned $9million dollars for the bout and carry on his position asboxing non--heavy weight superstar.Oscar De La Hoya essays research written document Oscar De La Hoya is a famous professional boxer. He isknown all over the world for his looks, talent in the ring andhis great sportsmanship. He is one of the best fighters in thefield of boxing and a good role model for young children inthe world today.PERSONALOscar De La Hoya lives and was born in East LosAngeles, California on February 4, 1973. His parentsnames are Joel, a former professional boxer from Durango,Mexico, and Dona Cecilia De La Hoya. His mother,Cecilia, passed away in her late thirties when breast cancerattacked her body. Oscar is the youngest boy in the family.He has an older brother name Joel, Jr., and a little sistername Maria. As a boy, Oscar never did like fighting or eitherphysical sports. (Oscar, 1) He never looked like a type of per watchword that would like those kind of things. Everytime hegot into a fight with another kid, he always ran immediatelyto his house and cried. Don Joel, his father did not ciphermuch of it. For the fifth or sixth time, however, Don Joelstarted to believe that his son had a problem because, notfighting back when attacked was hardly a Mexican custom.So he decided that the best medicine for his disgrace,within the family, was to bring Oscar to visit a boxing gym.After all, Don Joel himself got the comparable medicine from hisfather, who had boxed in Mexico in the amateur ranks inthe 1930s.(Kawakami, 18) package CAREEROscar first saw boxing gloves when he was five years old.From then on he was a boxer all his life. He started winningawards and trophies when he was eleven years old. OscarDe La Hoya never went to college, he finished high schooland focused all his energy on his boxing. As an amateur,De La Hoya spent the early mornings running through thestreets of East Los Angeles to train.Oscar De La Hoya, also known as " Golden Boy", firstcaptured Americas hearts by becoming the only Americanboxer to win an Olympic Gold Medal at the 1992 summergames. Oscar got his nickname by publicist John Beyrootyintroducing him with the name "Golden Boy" at a pressconference. After a few months Oscar won Americas only bills medal. Oscars professional career hit the stratospherein June 11, 1994. (Hoffer, 56)He sky-rocketed through the professional ranks becomingthe undisputed, undefeated lightweight champion of theworld in comely his twenty fights. De La Hoya, earned $9million dollars for the bout and hold his position asboxing non--heavy weight superstar.

Free Song of Solomon Essays: Milkmans Search for Self :: Song Solomon essays

Milkmans Search for Self in Song of Solomon   Toni Morrisons Song of Solomon is the tarradiddle of Milkmans search for self. Milkman appears destined for a life of isolation and self-alienation. The Deads exemplify the patricentric, atomic family that has been a stable and critical feature of American society. The family is the institution for producing children, maintaining them, and providing individuals with the promoter to understand their place in the world order. But this nuclear patriarchal family creates many of the problems it should be solving.   What represses the Deads is the start out, maconnais his single-minded ambition, his unscrupulous greed, his materialism, and his lack of nurturing his family. macon does not concentrate on being a loving and nurturing father instead he concentrates on another aspect of paternity, the acquisition of property. macon aspires to own property and other people too. His words to his son, Let me mark you right now the on e important thing that youll ever motif to know Own things. And let the things you own own other things too. past youll own yourself and other people too. The owning of things as well as other people is a rather remarkable statement, coming from a descendant of slaves. Macon has not inherited this trait from his father, even though he mistakenly thinks so. His father had have things that grew other things, not owned other things.   Pilate Dead, Macons younger sister, is a marked contrast to her brother and his family. Macon has a love of property and money, and this determines the nature of his relationships with others. Pilate has a sheer repel for status, occupation, hygiene, and manners, and has the capability to respect, love, and trust. Her self-sufficiency and isolation prevent her from being trapped or destroyed by the decaying values that threaten her brothers life.   The first part of the novel details the birth of Macon Dead III, the first black itch to ever be born at Mercy Hospital, which has been named by the African American community as No-Mercy Hospital. He acquires the name Milkman when people tick that his mother is still nursing him long after it is considered normal to do so. His father, Macon Dead, is a cold, insensitive man who places undue importance on material wealth and intimidates all he comes into contact with. Macon forbids Milkman to look his Aunt Pilate because her eccentric ways, her unkempt appearance, and her stubborn insistence in devising bootleg liquor embarrass him.

The Motifs of Furniture and Yoke in George Eliots Middlemarch Essay

The Motifs of Furniture and Yoke in George Eliots MiddlemarchYou have not make my life pleasant to me of late-the hardships which our marriage has brought on me-these words were stinging his fancy as a pain makes an exaggerated dream (667).On the disputation of lifes complexities, marriage, perhaps, reigns at the top. George Eliots Middlemarch exhumes many of the complicated facets of marriage from a Victorian England milieu. Although the vulcanized fiber spectrum in Middlemarch includes diversity in social class, the bulk of players are members of the aristocracy. notwithstanding financial wealth, married women were bound to their husbands-Eliot employs the metaphor of the orthodontic braces to convey relentless bondage to the spouse and domesticity. On the other hand, an aristocratic married gallus was likely bound to material possessions in the instance of Middlemarch, furniture serves as a complex motif. An analysis on the themes of yoke and furniture in Eliots novel prom pts several questions. What does the definition of yoke imply about the metaphor? Who bears the yoke in marriage? Who is concerned with furniture? What roles does furniture personate in Middlemarch? Finally, a comparative discussion on the ties between the yoke and furniture as burdens in marital relationships will conclude the argument. The Oxford face Dictionary gives the primary definition of yoke as A contrivance, apply from ancient times, by which two animals, esp. oxen, are coupled together for gulp a plough or vehicle usually consisting of a slenderly curved or hollowed piece of wood fitted with bows or hoops at the end which are passed round the animals necks, and having a ring or meat hooks attached to the middle to which is fastened a chain or hint e... ...ial status), some men, particularly Lydgate, were enslaved by their wifes emotions and demands. In regard to furniture, however, it was usually merely wealthy men who lived beyond their means that were bound to debt, since they held sovereignty in decision-making. Comparing the motifs of the yoke and furniture in the novel is an intricate and enkindle task because they are both tangible objects that represent metaphoric repression, burden, or anxiety. Although George Eliot uses many rhetorical devices in Middlemarch, the clever employment of multi-faceted motifs was effective in conveying the underlying messages about womens rights and the burden of materialism. Work Cited and ConsultedEliot, George. Middlemarch. 1871. London Penguin, 1994. Oxford side of meat Dictionary. 1989. U of Oxford. 18 December 2002. Princeton Text Archive. 18 December 2002.

Differences in Language and Gender Essay examples -- Papers Research C

Differences in Language and Gender There argon many differences in language between male and female. This is why we sometimes do not understand the opposite sex. These differences can be lexical, phonological, well-formed or conversational. There have been many studies into gender and conversational behavior one of which answers the most common question of who lecturings the most this was conducted by Fishman 90. He found that in mixed sex conversation, men talk twice as much as women. Although this cannot be generalised to all(a) males and females as many people do not follow the trends. Women are more than than supportive in their behaviour in conversation. They ask more questions, give more feedback, pay more compliments, start up contrary topics and they try to bring separates into the conversation. On the contrary, men interrupt, express disagreement, ignore other people and dont like to follow other peoples new topics. This shows that wom en are more cooperative and men are competitive in conversation. Zimmerman and...

Computer Fraud And Crimes :: essays research papers fc

Computer Fraud and CrimesIn the world of computing machines, computer fraud and computer crime are very prevalentissues facing every computer substance ab exploiter. This ranges from system administrators topersonal computer users who do work in the billet or at home. Computers withoutany means of credential are compromising to attacks from computer viruses, worms, and illegalcomputer hackers. If the proper steps are not taken, serious computing whitethorn becomea thing of the past. umpteen security measures are existence implemented to protectagainst illegalities.Companies are becoming more than(prenominal) aware and threatened by the fact that theircomputers are prone to attack. virus scanners are becoming necessities on allmachines. Installing and monitoring these virus scanners takes many man hoursand a lot of money for site licenses. Many server programs are coming equippedwith a program called "netlog." This is a program that monitors the computer useof th e employees in a company on the communicate. The program monitors memory andfile usage. A qualified system administrator should be able to tell by theamounts of memory being apply and the file usage if something is going on thatshould not be. If a virus is found, system administrators can pinpoint the userwho put the virus into the network and investigate whether or not there was anymalice intended. integrity computer application that is becoming more widely used and, therefore, morewidely abused, is the use of electronic mail or email. In the express day,illegal hackers can read email going through a server fairly easily. Emailconsists of not only personal transactions, barely business and financialtransactions. There are not many encryption procedures out for email yet. AsGates describes, soon email encryption will become a regular addition to email simply as a hard disk drive has become a regular addition to a computer (Gatesp.97-98).Encrypting email can be done with two prim e numbers used as keys. The human beingskey will be listed on the Internet or in an email message. The second key willbe private, which only the user will have. The engineerer will encrypt the messagewith the public key, send it to the recipient, who will then decipher it againwith his or her private key. This system is not foolproof, but it is not easy tounlock either. The numbers being used will probably be over 60 digits in length(Gates p.98-99).The Internet also poses more problems to users. This problem faces the homeuser more than the business user. When a person logs onto the Internet, he orshe may download a file corrupted with a virus.

Final essay :: essays research papers

1.The Clinton-Lewinsky affair is a rattling good example of the concentric band model. Thinking of it in the way explained in the book, as a pebble existence dropped in still water. That is exactly what happened in this story. The ripples were the different people that were rattling involved in and knew of the story in the first place, before it got fall out to the public. The medias knowledge of the story started when Michael Isikoff tracked down Linda Tripp, because of tips he acquire from other people. It is idiotic to me how the story for the media began which was because there had been rumors that Clinton had asked Monica Lewinsky to perjure, which would have been illegal. What is so funny to me about that is, when the news authenticly hit the public, the story seemed to change to the occurrence that Clinton had an affair. Which is exactly what the Newsweek and other news outlets were not interested in reporting.2. internet has evolved over the last ten grades. It has continually expanded and become either to a greater extent a part of the medias conglomeration. And the future of the internet is feel very good. Because technology has always surpassed itself, coming out with new and give away products on an continual basis. Today the internet is accessible in about schools and children are becoming more computer literate. I believe that genius day the internet ordain surpass all other forms of media. As more people start to become computer literate they will use the internet more. Businesss make billions of dollars a year from the internet. Allowing people to shop in the convenience of their own home has been a huge plus for these businesss. This is a very profitable locus for a business because they dont have all the expenses of an actual store, such as employees and the physical store.3. The White House Press escritoire has a very unique relationship with the media. The person who has this job more than likely has an abundant amount of in formation the media would like to know. This goes along very well with what libertarians believe. Which is that people are involved in a life-long following for knowledge, truth and wisdom. They imagined a word of many diverse publications that there would be room for every outlook. That, truth-seeking individuals exchange ideas in an unstructured, free-wheeling marketplace. And finally that all citizens agreeable in great dialogues through the media seemed nave to some people.

SING SING SING Essay -- Essays Papers

verbalize SING SINGI used to always go over to my grandadrents star sign and watch my grand spawn go crazy over this grapple music. He explained to me that it wasnt Jazz unless it swung like the greats. I listened to a song piffle Sing Sing the other day from one of my Jazz collections that my grandpa gave to me and realized that their was so much energy and pizzazz in this music. He explained to me that it was all put together by a guy named benne, and I understood why. Benny Goodman, born Benjamin David in 1909, one of xii children, grew up in a shekels ghetto with his family, who fled Russian anti-Semitism. Encouraged by his father, an immigrant tailor, to learn a musical instrument, Goodman took up the clarinet at a puppylike age. From the start, he displayed an exceptional talent. Before he was in his teens, he had begun execute in public. He received his first true clarinet and musical homework from a local synagogue, then continued practice through take awa y House, a social-service agency for the under privileged children of the Chicago. The most important of his teachers, at the school, was Franz Schoeppe, a classical instructor from the Chicago Musical College who ignored go to sleep and stressed in his students the discipline and respect for classical music. After his father died, fourteen-year-old Benny helped support his family by playing at a Chicago neighborhood dance hall and working locally for two years. In 1925, Gil Rodin, who was then with the passel led by Ben Pollack, heard him. Goodman was hired by Pollack, then working in California, and the following year make a triumphal return to Chicago as featured soloist with the band. Goodman remained with Pollack until 1929, when he became a much in-demand session musician in New York. When the band was between jobs, Goodman jammed with members of the Austin High Gang who introduced him to the New siege of Orleans Rhythm Kings and the Dixieland clarinet style of Leon Rappolo. After his 17th birthday Benny made his first recording with Pollacks band with the tune, Hes the Last Word. Benny as well played in the bands of leaders such as Red Nichols (from 1929 to 1931), Isham Jones, and Ted Lewis. During the former(a) 30s Goodman played in bands led by Red Nichols, Ted Lewis, Sam Lanin and others. In 1934, Goodman led a dance band that performed regularly on the home(a) radio show Let... ...ible, but included among others, Lionel Hampton, Harry James, Georgie Auld, Ziggy Ellman, Charlie Christian, Red Norvo, Fletcher Henderson, ingredient Krupa, Teddy Wilson, George Wettling, Pee Wee Irwin, Miff Mole, Roy Eldridge, Stan Getz, and Cootie Williams. The Benny Goodman Story, a film made in 1955, depicted Benny Goodmans life, and Benny enter the sound track for it. In the 1950s to the 1970s he made several overseas trips and played at selected engagements with a small band. bingle such trip was to Russia in 1962. In January 1978 he re turned to Carnegie Hall to do a Concert. The tickets all sold out the first day. His last studio recordings were made in January 1986.ReferencesCollier, J. Benny Goodman and the Swing Era. New York West publish Company, 1989Connor, R. and Hicks, W. B. G. on the Record A Bio-Discography of Benny Goodman. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall. 1969Dance, S. The domain of Swing. New York Oxford University Press, 1979.Klauber, B. The World of Gene Krupa. Belmont, CA Wadsworth, 1991.Schuller, G. The Swing Era. New York McGraw Hill, 1989.Stewart, R. Jazz Masters of the 30s. New York W.W. Norton, 1972.

Gothic Art :: essays research papers

medieval maneuver began in 1137 with the rebuilding of the chair of the abbey church of St. Denis. Gothic Art is the style of art produced in Europe from the Middle Ages up to the setoff of the Renaissance. Typically religious in nature, is especially known for the distinctive flex design of its churches, its stained glass, and its illuminated manuscripts. Gothic, although symbolic, is a lot more anecdotic and naturalistic than Romanesque.In the late 14th century, anticipating the Renaissance, Gothic Art evolved towards a more secular style known as internationalistic Gothic. sensation of the best-known artists of this period is Simone Martini.Simone Martini was a Sienese painter who greatly influenced the development of the International Gothic style, and was a major figure in the development of primordial Italian painting.Giovanni Pisano was an Italian sculptor, as was his father Nicola Pisano. His work shows a medley of French Gothic and the classical style. Among his works are Pulpit for the Duomo di Siena, Sculptures and architectural design for the facade of the cathedral in Siena, Pulpit for the church of S. Andrea in Pistoia, The five reliefs on the pulpit are the Annunciation and Nativity, the Adoration, Dream of the Magi and saint warning Joseph, the Massacre of the Innocents, the Crucifixion, and the Last Judgement, and the Pulpit for the Pisa Cathedral.The extraordinary painter Hieronymus Bosch stands away from the prevailing Flemish traditions in painting. His style was unique, strikingly free, and his symbolism, unforgettably vivid, corpse unparalleled to this day. Marvellous and terrifying, he expresses an intense pessimism and reflects the anxieties of his time, one of social and policy-making upheavalThe Gothic era in painting spanned more than cc years, starting in Italy and spreading to the rest of Europe. Towards the end of this period, there were just about artists in parts of the North who resisted Renaissance influences and kept to the Gothic tradition.

the frog princess :: essays research papers

The catch Princess2/6/05This book is ab forth a princess named Emma who is clumsy continuously trips over herself and when she laughs she sounds like a donkey. She has an aunt Grassina whos a witch. She goes to a near by swamp and meets a talking batrachian. The frog claims to be a prince and he wants her to kiss him. But the princess just goes home and tells nobody, what she found. belief bad she goes defend to the swamp and decides to kiss the frog to see if he really is a prince. And he said that if she would kiss him that he would play back into a prince. When she sees the frog again she kisses him. To her surprise it does the opposite of what the frog told her it would and it turns her into a frog. After she realizes that something was wrong Eadric the prince frog teaches her how to live. He teaches her how to eat move and other important things that frogs must do to stay alive. After a few days they go to find the witch that turned the prince into a frog in the first pl ace. On their scary journey by the swamp they find a witch not however the one they were looking for. The witch brought them home and locked them up. Again having to find the way fall out and free themselves. They found a way out and let out the other creatures that the witch had caged up. Then they went back on their journey. They go to Emmas aunts castle and find her aunt and tell her the story of what happened.Then they all fall in a plan to find a charmed braclet that Emma had lost by the swamp the day she had turned into a frog. Hoping it would help them turn back into human, they find the otter that took it and make up a scam telling him that Emma was a swamp fairy wanting her bracelet back. She gets it back and before they depress to leave they run into the real swamp fairy who is mad at them for imitating her.